Rosh Internal Medicine Boost Practice Exam

For patients with hypertension, one of the most effective lifestyle modifications is weight loss and exercise. Reducing body weight can significantly impact blood pressure levels, as excess weight contributes to increased blood pressure by affecting the heart and blood vessels. Regular physical activity also plays a critical role in managing hypertension; it strengthens the heart, improves circulation, and can help lower blood pressure.

Engaging in moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, such as brisk walking, swimming, or cycling, for at least 150 minutes a week is generally recommended. Combining weight loss with regular exercise can lead to meaningful improvements in blood pressure readings and overall cardiovascular health.

The other options listed do not align with guidelines for managing hypertension and can actually worsen blood pressure control. Increasing sodium intake would raise blood pressure, reducing physical activity is contraindicated since exercise is beneficial, and increasing caffeine consumption can lead to fluctuations in blood pressure, especially in sensitive individuals. Thus, focusing on weight loss and exercise is the most appropriate and beneficial recommendation for managing hypertension.